1. Right Understanding (samma ditthi)
The understanding of things as they are (Four Noble Truths). Understanding as knowledge, an accumulated memory, an intellectual grasping of a subject according to certain given data. Real deep understanding is called “anubodha”, seeing a thing in its true nature, without name and label. This is possible only when the mind is free from all impurities and is fully developed through meditation.
2. Right Thought (sankappa)
Selfless renunciation or detachment. Thoughts of love and non-violence. This demonstrates wisdom.
3. Right Speech (vaca)
Abstention from a) lies, b) slander and talk that may bring about hatred, enmity, disunity and disharmony, c) harsh, rude, impolite, malicious and abusive language, and d) idle, useless and foolish babble and gossip. Speech should be at the right time and place. If one cannot say something useful, one should keep “noble silence”.
4. Right Action (kammanta)
Promotes honorable, moral and peaceful conduct. Should abstain from destroying life, from stealing, from dishonest dealings, from ilegitimate sexual intercourse. We should also help others to lead a peaceful and honorable life in the right way.
5. Right Livelihood (ajiva)
One should abstain from kaing one’s living through a profession that brings harm to others.
6. Right Effort (vayama)
The energetic will to a) prevent evil and unwholesome states of mind from arising, b) to get rid of such evil and unwholesom states that have already risen within, c) to produce, cause to arise good and wholesome states of mind not yet arisen, and d) to develop and bring to perfection the good and whole states of mind already present.
7. Right Mindfulness (sati)
To be diligently aware, mindful and attentive with regard to a) the activities of the body (kaya), b) sensations of feelings (vedana), c) the activities of the mind (citta), and d) ideas, thoughts, conceptions and things (dhamma). Be aware of all forms of feelings and sensations and how they appear and dissapear within oneself. One should also be aware whether one’s mind is lustful or not, given hatred or not, deluded or not, distracted or concentrated.
8. Right Concentration (samadhi)
Discard thoughts of: ill-will, languor, worry, restlessness, skeptical thought. Maintain: joy, happiness, tranquility, awareness.
Three essentials of buddhist training and discipline: ethical conduct (sila), mental discipline (samadhi), wisdom (panna).
According to buddhist for a man to be perfect there are two qualities that should be developed equally: compassion (karuna), and wisdom (panna).